What lies under a slab matters as much as the concrete. Here is how good base work prevents cracks and settling.
Most slab failures start under the concrete. The subgrade is the natural soil, and the base is the layer of crushed stone placed on top of it. Together they carry the weight, drain the water and keep the slab from moving. Skipping or rushing this work saves little and costs a lot, because cracks, settling and heaving follow.
Proper preparation starts with excavation. Soft soil, roots and debris are removed, the grade is shaped for drainage and the stone is spread and compacted in layers. A plate compactor or roller checks that the base is firm. Where soil is poor, geotextile fabric or extra stone may be added. Forms are set to the right heights, and the base is moistened before the pour.
Remove soft soil.
Layer by layer.
Water moves away.
Plates and rollers.
Before the pour.
For poor soil.
Take the quiz, check a problem or ballpark a budget.
Which Concrete Service Do I Need? QuizAnswer five questions about your slab, your site and your goals to see whether you need repair, lifting, resurfacing or replacement.Try it 
Concrete Problem CheckerCheck the signs you see in your concrete and get a likely cause with the next step.Try it 
Concrete Budget PlannerPick a project, a size and a finish and get a ballpark planning range.Try it It spreads loads, drains water and reduces movement.
It depends on the soil and use. Many residential slabs use a few inches of stone, with more for heavy loads.
It is not recommended. Soil moves and holds water, which leads to cracking.
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